Myelin proteins are a group of proteins that are primarily found in the myelin sheath, a fatty layer that surrounds and insulates the axons of nerve cells in the nervous system. Myelin proteins play a crucial role in the function and maintenance of the nervous system by facilitating the rapid transmission of nerve impulses along axons.
There are several different myelin proteins, including:
- Myelin basic protein (MBP): This is the most abundant protein in the myelin sheath and plays a critical role in its formation and stability.
- Proteolipid protein (PLP): This protein is the major component of myelin in the central nervous system and is essential for maintaining the integrity of the myelin sheath.
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG): This protein is found on the surface of myelin-producing cells called oligodendrocytes and may play a role in the immune response to nervous system damage.
- Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG): This protein is found on the surface of myelin sheaths and is involved in the process of axonal regeneration.
Overall, myelin proteins are critical for the proper function of the nervous system, and dysfunction or damage to these proteins can lead to a range of neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, leukodystrophies, and peripheral neuropathies.
Parvathy Sukumaran 
